Landis’ Facial Expressions Experiment
“In 1924, Carney Landis, a psychology graduate at the University of Minnesota developed an experiment to determine whether different emotions create facial expressions specific to that emotion. The aim of this experiment was to see if all people have a common expression when feeling disgust, shock, joy, and so on.
Most of the participants in the experiment were students. They were taken to a lab and their faces were painted with black lines, in order to study the movements of their facial muscles. They were then exposed to a variety of stimuli designed to create a strong reaction. As each person reacted, they were photographed by Landis. The subjects were made to smell ammonia, to look at pornography, and to put their hands into a bucket of frogs. But the controversy around this study was the final part of the test.
Participants were shown a live rat and given instructions to behead it. While all the participants were repelled by the idea, fully one third did it. The situation was made worse by the fact that most of the students had no idea how to perform this operation in a humane manner and the animals were forced to experience great suffering. For the one third who refused to perform the decapitation, Landis would pick up the knife and cut the animals head off for them.
The consequences of the study were actually more important for their evidence that people are willing to do almost anything when asked in a situation like this. The study did not prove that humans have a common set of unique facial expressions.”
http://listverse.com/2008/09/07/top-10-unethical-psychological-experiments/
I completely disagree with the ethics of this study. In my opinion this study should have never taken place because of the inhumane treatment to the rats used in this study and the emotional disturbance that was caused to the participants. Although I do believe this study has a legitimate psychological experiment design, the unethical side of this study completely ruins the entire value of the experiment for me. To modify the experiment to be more ethical, Landis could have used video clips of less extreme scenarios, which do not harm animals or inflict possible emotional disturbance to participants, and still got the picture of the emotion for comparisons. As mentioned in a previous post, experiments like this make me thankful for stricter IRBs (Institutional Review Board), that will prevent unethical experiments such as this one from ever taking place.
